Unit 01 — Basic Concepts of ICT
Concept of ICT
Data and Information
Characteristics of Information
Information and Communication
Information Systems
Components of an Information System
ICT in different fields
ICT and the Knowledge Society
Impact of ICT on society
ICT-related careers and opportunities
Unit 02 — Introduction to Computer
Evolution of computers
Generations of computers
Classification of computers
Computer architecture
Von Neumann architecture
Functional units of a computer
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU)
Control Unit (CU)
Registers
Main memory
Secondary storage
Input devices
Output devices
Computer interfaces
Computer performance
Types of software
System software
Application software
Unit 03 — Data Representation
Number systems
Decimal number system
Binary number system
Octal number system
Hexadecimal number system
Number-system conversions
Binary arithmetic
Character representation
ASCII
Unicode
Representation of images
Representation of audio
Representation of video
Data storage units
Unit 04 — Fundamentals of Digital Circuits
Digital and analogue systems
Logic gates
AND gate
OR gate
NOT gate
NAND gate
NOR gate
XOR gate
XNOR gate
Truth tables
Boolean expressions
Boolean algebra
Boolean laws
De Morgan’s laws
Logic-gate combinations
Simplification of Boolean expressions
Basic digital circuits
Unit 05 — Computer Operating System
Operating-system concepts
Functions of an operating system
Types of operating systems
User interfaces
Process management
Memory management
File management
Device management
Security and user management
Utility programs
Operating-system examples
Unit 06 — Data Communication and Networking
Data communication
Components of data communication
Communication modes
Transmission media
Guided media
Unguided media
Transmission technologies
Network concepts
LAN
MAN
WAN
Network topologies
Bus topology
Star topology
Ring topology
Mesh topology
Network devices
Hub
Switch
Router
Bridge
Repeater
Gateway
Network protocols
TCP/IP
IP addressing
IPv4
IPv6
DNS
DHCP
Internet
Intranet
Extranet
Network security
Unit 07 — System Analysis and Design
Information systems
System concepts
System development
System development life cycle (SDLC)
Preliminary investigation
Feasibility study
Requirement gathering
Requirement analysis
System design
System implementation
System testing
System maintenance
Documentation
System-development methodologies
Structured analysis
Data Flow Diagrams (DFD)
Context diagram
Entity Relationship concepts
Decision tables
Decision trees
Prototyping
Unit 08 — Database Management
Database concepts
Data and database
Database Management System (DBMS)
Advantages of databases
Database models
Relational database model
Tables
Records
Fields
Primary keys
Foreign keys
Relationships
Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD)
Normalization
Relational algebra concepts
Database queries
SQL
DDL
DML
SELECT
INSERT
UPDATE
DELETE
WHERE
ORDER BY
GROUP BY
Aggregate functions
Joins
Database security
Unit 09 — Programming
Programming concepts
Problem solving
Algorithms
Flowcharts
Pseudocode
Programming languages
Language translators
Compiler
Interpreter
Programming paradigms
Variables
Constants
Data types
Operators
Expressions
Input and output
Selection
Iteration
Functions
Procedures
Arrays
Strings
Records/data structures
File handling
Error handling
Object-oriented programming concepts
Python programming
Python syntax
Python data types
Conditional statements
Loops
Functions
Lists
Tuples
Dictionaries
File processing
Unit 10 — Web Development
Internet and World Wide Web
Web concepts
Websites and web pages
Web browsers
Web servers
URLs
Domain names
Web hosting
Client-server architecture
HTML
HTML document structure
HTML elements and attributes
Text formatting
Hyperlinks
Images
Lists
Tables
Forms
CSS
CSS selectors
CSS properties
Inline, internal and external CSS
JavaScript
JavaScript basics
Variables
Operators
Functions
Events
Client-side scripting
Dynamic web pages
Unit 11 — Internet of Things (IoT)
Concept of IoT
IoT architecture
IoT components
Sensors
Actuators
Embedded systems
Microcontrollers
Communication technologies
IoT networks
Cloud services and IoT
IoT applications
Smart homes
Smart cities
Smart agriculture
Smart healthcare
Industrial IoT
Security and privacy issues in IoT
Unit 12 — ICT in Business
ICT in business
Information systems in organizations
Business process automation
E-business
E-commerce
Online transactions
Electronic payment systems
Digital marketing
Customer Relationship Management
Enterprise systems
Management Information Systems
Decision-support systems
Benefits of ICT in business
Challenges of ICT adoption
Unit 13 — New Trends and Future Directions of ICT
Emerging ICT trends
Artificial Intelligence
Machine Learning
Robotics
Cloud Computing
Big Data
Data Analytics
Blockchain
Virtual Reality
Augmented Reality
Cybersecurity
Mobile technologies
5G and modern communication technologies
Green computing
Future developments in ICT
Social and ethical implications of emerging technologies
Unit 14 — Project
Identification of a problem
Problem definition
Requirement identification
Project planning
System analysis
System design
Development
Programming/database/web implementation
Testing
Documentation
Presentation
Evaluation
